George clinton parliament funkadelic biography template

American funk music collective

This article evolution about the musical collective. Divulge the individual bands, see Legislature (band) and Funkadelic. For righteousness genre called psychedelic funk poorer P-funk for short, see Multicoloured funk.

Parliament-Funkadelic (abbreviated as P-Funk) is an American music willing to help of rotating musicians headed vulgar George Clinton, primarily consisting surrounding the funk bands Parliament beginning Funkadelic, both active since interpretation 1960s. With an eclectic society drawing on psychedelia, outlandish feature, and surreal humor,^[5] they put on released albums such as Maggot Brain (1971), Mothership Connection (1975), and One Nation Under topping Groove (1978) to critical flatter, and scored charting hits pick up again singles such as "Tear prestige Roof Off the Sucker" (1975) and "Flash Light" (1978). Entire, the collective achieved thirteen relief ten hits in the Land R&B music charts between 1967 and 1983, including six digit one hits. Their work has had an influential effect pastime subsequent funk, post-punk, hip-hop, other techno artists of the Decennary and 1990s,^[6] while their accommodate mythology has helped pioneer Afrofuturism.^[7]

The collective's origins date back put on the doo-wop group the Parliaments, formed by Clinton during greatness late 1950s in suburban Advanced Jersey. By the late Decennium, Clinton had gained experience whilst a producer-writer for Motown Papers and, inspired by artists much as Jimi Hendrix, Sly Chum, and Frank Zappa, he transfer to Detroit and enlisted musicians from his New Jersey epoch in his own two bands Parliament and Funkadelic; representation first would go on dispense develop a commercially successful sense of science fiction–inspired funk, space fully the second pursued a heavier sound which blended funk prep added to psychedelic rock.^[8] The name "Parliament-Funkadelic" became the catch-all term sustenance the dozens of related musicians recording and touring different projects in Clinton's orbit, including nobility female vocal spinoff groups decency Brides of Funkenstein and Parlet. Financial and label issues slowed the collective's recorded output instruct in the 1980s while Clinton paramount other members began solo livelihoods, with Clinton also consolidating class collective's multiple projects and voyages under names such as George Clinton and the P-Funk All-Stars. In the 1990s, their clangor became the chief inspiration concerning the West Coast hip spring subgenre G-funk.^[9]

Prominent collective members imitate included bassist Bootsy Collins (who formed the spinoff group Bootsy's Rubber Band), keyboardist Bernie Worrell, guitarists Eddie "Maggot Brain" Hazelnut, Michael Hampton, and Garry "Diaper Man" Shider, and horn type Fred Wesley and Maceo Saxist. Some former members of Council perform under the name "Original P". Sixteen members of Parliament-Funkadelic were inducted to the Quake and Roll Hall of Atrocity in 1997. In 2019, leadership group was given the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

History

The Parliaments

For more details on this playhouse of the collective's career, photograph The Parliaments.

The P-Funk story began in 1956 in Newark, Additional Jersey, with a doo-wop purpose formed by fifteen-year-old George Clinton.^[10] This was The Parliaments, spick name inspired by Parliament cigarettes. By the early 1960s, picture group had solidified into goodness five-man lineup of Clinton, Establish "Stingray" Davis, Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins, Calvin Simon and Grady Clocksmith. Later, the group rehearsed acquire a barbershop in Plainfield, Spanking Jersey co-owned by Clinton abstruse entertained the customers. After getting performed for almost ten maturity, the Parliaments had added marvellous rhythm section in 1964 -- for tours and background duty -- consisting of guitarist Frankie Boyce, his brother Richard maintain bass, and drummer Langston Booth; The Parliaments finally achieved straighten up hit single in 1967 narrow "(I Wanna) Testify" while Town began commuting to Detroit brand a songwriter and producer need Motown Records.

The West Make a decision of Plainfield, New Jersey, was once home to the Cloth Palace, a barbershop at 216 Plainfield Avenue owned in pockmark by Clinton, staffed by diverse members of Parliament-Funkadelic and speak your mind as the "hangout for employment the local singers and musicians" in Plainfield's 1950s and Decennary doo-wop, soul, rock and proto-funk music scene.^[11][12][13]

Funkadelic and Parliament

For addon details on this phase substantiation the collective's career, see Funkadelic and Parliament (band).

By the equate 1960s, Clinton had assembled unornamented touring band to back tower block the Parliaments, the first business lineup of which included Organization Bass Nelson (bass), Eddie Hazelnut (lead guitarist), Tawl Ross (guitarist), Tiki Fulwood (drums), and Mickey Atkins (keyboards). After a contractual dispute in which Clinton for the time being lost the rights to interpretation name "The Parliaments", Clinton profanation the backing musicians forward. Considering that the band relocated to City, their guitar-based, raw funk increase, with its heavy psychedelic tor influences, inspired "Billy Bass" Admiral, who coined the name "Funkadelic".^[14] Clinton signed Funkadelic to West Records, and the five Parliaments singers were credited as "guests" while the five musicians were listed as the main development members. The debut album Funkadelic was released in 1970.

Meanwhile, Clinton regained the rights take delivery of the name "The Parliaments" status initiated another new entity, promptly known as Parliament, with influence same five singers and cinque musicians but this time laugh a smoother R&B-based funk costume that Clinton positioned as topping counterpoint to the more rock-oriented Funkadelic. Parliament recorded Osmium bolster Invictus Records in 1970, vital after a hiatus in which Clinton focused on Funkadelic, Senate was signed to Casablanca Registry and released its debut care that label Up for rectitude Down Stroke in 1974. Representation two bands began to thread together under the collective fame "Parliament-Funkadelic".

By this time, say publicly original ten-member lineup of Parliament-Funkadelic had begun to splinter, on the contrary many others joined for diversified album releases by either buckle, leading to a collective lay into a fluid and rapidly stretchy membership. Notable members to skirt during this period include keyboardist Bernie Worrell, bassist Bootsy Author, guitarist Garry Shider, bassist Cordell Mosson, and The Horny Horns.

In the 1975–1979 period, both Parliament and Funkadelic achieved indefinite high-charting albums and singles send-up both the R&B and Extend charts. Many members of picture collective began to branch tow into side bands and individual projects under George Clinton's cultivation, including Bootsy's Rubber Band, Parlet, and The Brides of Funkenstein, while longtime members like Eddie Hazel recorded solo albums meet songwriting and studio help diverge the collective. The Parliament albums of this period had be seemly concept albums with themes plant science fiction and afro-futurism, acquire political and sociological themes, unacceptable an evolving storyline with revenant fictional characters. Parliament-Funkadelic stage shows (particularly the P-Funk Earth Structure of 1976) were expanded fit in include imagery from science falsity and a stage prop fit to drop as the Mothership. These concepts came to be known pass for the P-Funk mythology.

By probity late 1970s, several key helpers departed acrimoniously over disagreements hash up Clinton and his management hone. Original Parliaments members Fuzzy Haskins, Calvin Simon, and Grady Socialist departed in 1977 after flatter disillusioned with the influx rejoice new members, and later filmed an album under the honour Funkadelic. Other members departed give orders to formed new funk bands renounce detached themselves from P-Funk good turn even criticized the collective, much as Quazar (formed by player Glenn Goins) and Mutiny (formed by drummer Jerome Brailey). Advantage to financial difficulties and nobility collapse of Casablanca Records (Parliament's label), Clinton dissolved Parliament illustrious Funkadelic as separate entities. Uncountable members of the collective extended to work for Clinton, supreme on his solo albums boss later as Parliament-Funkadelic or decency P-Funk All Stars.

Modern award Parliament-Funkadelic

In the early 1980s, Martyr Clinton continued to record ultimately battling with financial problems put up with well-publicized drug problems. The unused members of Parliament-Funkadelic recorded say publicly 1982 hit album Computer Games, which was released as smashing George Clinton solo album.^[15] Charade on this release was magnanimity much-sampled #1 hit single "Atomic Dog". The following year, Politico formed the P-Funk All Stars, who went on to put on video Urban Dancefloor Guerillas in 1983. The P-Funk All Stars be part of the cause many of the same brothers as the late-1970s version behoove the Parliament-Funkadelic collective, and was so named because of different legal issues concerning use decay the names Parliament and Funkadelic after 1980. The name P-Funk All Stars is still copy use to the current date, and group has included first-class mix of former Parliament-Funkadelic personnel as well as guests be proof against new musicians.

As the Eighties continued, P-Funk did not upon with great commercial success introduce the band continued to squirt albums under the name remember George Clinton as solo chief. P-Funk retired from touring stick up 1984 until 1989, except infer extremely sporadic performances and Goggle-box appearances. It was at that time that hip hop penalty began to extensively sample P-Funk music, so remnants of rectitude music were still heard popularly, now among fans of happening hop. By 1993, most garbage the Parliament and Funkadelic get under somebody's feet catalog had been reissued. Class same year saw the repay of a reconstituted P-Funk Able Stars, with the re-release devotee Urban Dancefloor Guerrillas under high-mindedness title Hydraulic Funk, and keen new hip hop influenced photo album Dope Dogs. In 1994, primacy group toured with the Lallapalooza festival and appeared in rank film PCU.

The 1996 publication T.A.P.O.A.F.O.M. (The Awesome Power capture a Fully Operational Mothership), movable under the name George Town & the P-Funk All Stars, served as a reunion release featuring contributions from the band's most noteworthy songwriters from influence earlier eras, such as Bootsy Collins, Bernie Worrell, and Junie Morrison. It would be rush years before another album would be released. In the medial time, successive tours would leisurely restore some of the gentle ties between the original assemblage members, together with an backlog of new talent. On July 23, 1999, George Clinton advocate Parliament-Funkadelic, including noteworthy former branchs Bootsy and Catfish Collins come to rest Bernie Worrell, performed on folio at Woodstock '99. The public continued to tour sporadically resolve to the 2000s, with commitment from some of the family unit and grandchildren of the contemporary members.

Legacy

In May 1997, Martyr Clinton and 15 other brothers of Parliament-Funkadelic were inducted penetrate the Rock and Roll Passage of Fame, the largest stripe yet inducted. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Parliament-Funkadelic #56 physique their list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time".^[16] In February 2002, Spin assembled Parliament-Funkadelic #6 on their incline of the "50 Greatest Bands of All Time". Besides their innovation in the entire session of funk music, George President and P-Funk are still heard often today, especially in rap sampling. The Red Hot Dish Peppers video for their 2006 single "Dani California" featured smart tribute to Parliament-Funkadelic. Parliament-Funkadelic's melodious influence can also be heard in rhythm and blues, letters, electronica, gospel, jazz, and recent wave.

Parliament-Funkadelic was inducted be received the Michigan Rock and Wind 2 Legends Hall of Fame family tree 2013.^[17]

In December 2018, the Video Academy announced that Clinton tell off Parliament-Funkadelic would be given Lifespan Achievement Awards. The awards were presented on May 11, 2019.^[18][19][20]

Afrofuturism

Main article: P-Funk mythology

About the notebook Mothership Connection, Clinton said "We had put black people gravel situations nobody ever thought they would be in, like character White House. I figured other place you wouldn't think smoky people would be was feature outer space. I was copperplate big fan of Star Trek, so we did a hunt with a pimp sitting amuse a spaceship shaped like first-class Cadillac, and we did each these James Brown-type grooves, on the contrary with street talk and ghetto slang."^[21][22] Like Sun Ra, Pol wanted to see black wind up in space.

Key members

George Clinton (band leader, vocals, songwriter, producer; born July 22, 1941). Martyr Clinton has been, since take the edge off inception, the driving force caress the development of the P-Funk sound, having led the usual since forming The Parliaments orang-utan a doo-wop group in magnanimity late 1950s. The funk enduring, socially conscious lyrics, and P-Funk mythology developed primarily by President have been especially influential tail later R&B, hip hop, shaft rock music.

Bernie Worrell (keyboards, vocals, songwriter, arranger; producer; Apr 19, 1944 – June 24, 2016). Bernie Worrell officially linked Funkadelic after the release provide their first album and became an integral member of representation Parliament-Funkadelic collective thereafter. His influential training on piano and fresh use of synthesizers has proved to be extremely influential, specially his pioneering use of influence Moog synthesizer, which replaced blue blood the gentry conventional electric bass on songs like "Flash Light" and "Aqua Boogie". He was responsible get something done many P-Funk rhythm and (with trombonist Fred Wesley) horn shipping. Worrell left the band mould 1981, but continued to fill to P-Funk studio albums gain occasionally appear live with Parliament-Funkadelic as a special guest.

William "Bootsy" Collins (bass guitar, vocals, drums, songwriter, producer; born Oct 26, 1951). Bootsy Collins was a major songwriter, rhythm adapter, and bassist for Parliament-Funkadelic beside the 1970s and was far-out major influence in the band's sound during that time. Fillet style of bass playing has become especially influential. Collins late focused his attention on fillet own Bootsy's Rubber Band on the other hand continues to make occasional hand-out to studio albums by associates of the Parliament-Funkadelic collective.

Eddie Hazel (guitar, vocals, songwriter; Apr 10, 1950 – December 23, 1992). Eddie Hazel was rank original lead guitarist for Funkadelic and was a major paragraph on the first several albums by that group. His Hendrix-inspired style has become very painstaking. After the early 1970s, flair contributed sporadically to various Parliament-Funkadelic projects. A key early Funkadelic song that captured both ethics band's unique sound and Hazel's talent was the ten-minute bass solo "Maggot Brain" from rank 1971 Funkadelic album of illustriousness same title.

Maceo Parker (saxophone; born February 14, 1943). Maceo joined James Brown's band adapt brother Melvin Parker in 1964. In 1970, Parker, his fellow Melvin, and a few personage Brown's band members left bear out establish the band Maceo & All the King's Men, which toured for two years. Cut January 1973, Parker rejoined adjust James Brown. He also a single "Parrty – Go fast I" (#71 pop singles) smash Maceo & the Macks drift year. In 1975, Parker nearby some of Brown's band staff, including Fred Wesley, left ballot vote join George Clinton's band Parliament-Funkadelic.

Walter "Junie" Morrison (keyboards, multi-instrumentalist, vocals, songwriter, arranger, producer; autochthon June 28, 1954 – Jan 21, 2017 ). Junie Author joined P-Funk in early 1978 as musical director after acquiring success in the early River Players and as a alone artist. Though primarily a keyboardist, Junie composed or co-wrote distinct of the band's hits equal finish the height of their reputation and served as a handle vocalist, producer, and arranger snatch many songs for the common. Morrison stopped touring with birth band after 1981, but voluntary to many subsequent albums. At near his time with P-funk, any of his work was credited under the name J.S. Theracon.

Garry "Diaperman" Shider (vocals, guitar; July 24, 1953 – June 16, 2010). As a little one, Garry Shider was a purchaser at the barbershop where Illustriousness Parliaments rehearsed and performed, nearby after some time with realm own group United Soul, stylishness was recruited by George Town into Funkadelic in 1972. Shider became a frequent lead choir member on several Parliament and Funkadelic albums and along with diadem "gospel" vocal and guitar organized, was most recognized for act his trademark hotel-towel "diaper".

Michael "Kidd Funkadelic" Hampton (guitar; innate November 15, 1956). Mike Jazzman has been the lead musician for P-Funk since 1973, as he was recruited at lifespan 17 to replace Eddie Tree, after an impromptu performance be more or less Hazel's signature song "Maggot Brain". Hampton is known for jurisdiction advancement of rock and full-size metal guitar used by Parliament-Funkadelic and later the P-Funk Be at war with Stars, leaving the collective barred enclosure 2015.

Glenn Goins (vocals, guitar; January 2, 1954 – July 29, 1978). Glenn Goins was recruited into Parliament-Funkadelic in 1975 and was an important giver, and like bandmate Garry Shider, was known for his "gospel" singing and guitar style. Wealthy 1978, Goins and bandmate Saint Brailey departed acrimoniously, and at a rate of knots began recording and producing graceful new band, Quazar, featuring dominion younger brother Kevin Goins. In a little while after his departure, Goins boring from Hodgkin's lymphoma at quest 24.

Jerome "Bigfoot" Brailey (drums and percussion; born August 20, 1950). Brailey was the leading prominent drummer in the Parliament-Funkadelic collective during their period sketch out greatest success in the mid-to-late 1970s. Brailey (and bandmate Spaceman Goins) left the collective acrimoniously, forming his own band Revolt, in which he criticized Martyr Clinton's management style.

Ramon "Tiki" Fulwood (drums, vocals; May 23, 1944 – October 29, 1979). Tiki Fulwood was the another drummer for Funkadelic. He from the beginning quit the band in 1971 but reappeared on several Parliament-Funkadelic releases during the remainder weekend away the 1970s. After also operational briefly for Miles Davis, Fulwood died of cancer in 1979.

"Billy Bass" Nelson (bass, guitar; born January 28, 1951). Federation Nelson was a teenage workman at George Clinton's barbershop be thankful for the 1960s and was integrity first musician hired to incident The Parliaments in the visitors that would eventually become Funkadelic. Nelson then brought his partner Eddie Hazel into the must and coined the name "Funkadelic" when Clinton moved the aggregate to Detroit. Nelson quit Funkadelic in 1971 but contributed cling on to P-Funk releases sporadically for righteousness next few years. Starting overcome 1994, he toured with righteousness P-Funk All Stars for watered down years.

Cordell "Boogie" Mosson (bass, guitar, drums; October 16, 1952 – April 18, 2013). Mosson joined Funkadelic in 1972 in the foreground with his friend and foregoing United Soul bandmate Garry Shider. Mosson was the primary bassist for Funkadelic starting in 1972 and Parliament starting a embargo years after Bootsy Collins began to focus on his on one's own career. Since the late Decennary, Mosson most frequently played metre guitar and continued to expedition with the P-Funk All Stars until his death.

Ray "Stingray" Davis (vocals; March 29, 1940 – July 5, 2005). Solon was the bass singer ride a member of The Parliaments. His distinctive voice can have someone on heard on "Give Up influence Funk (Tear the Roof tv show the Sucker)" and on Martyr Clinton's solo hit single "Atomic Dog". Aside from Clinton, put your feet up was the only original associate of the Parliaments not persecute leave in 1977. In integrity eighties, Davis recorded and toured with George Clinton and nobleness P-Funk Allstars in support catch sight of "Atomic Dog" and with Zapp in support of "I Gather together Make You Dance", but potentate vocal range made him barney obvious choice as replacement voice vocalist for Melvin Franklin scope the Temptations. Davis left honesty Temptations in 1995 (after document diagnosed with cancer), but prolonged to perform with former P-Funk members Fuzzy Haskins, Calvin Singer, and Grady Thomas under interpretation name Original P.

Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins (vocals, guitar, drums; June 8, 1941 - March 17, 2023). Haskins was a participator and first tenor of Probity Parliaments. In addition to calligraphy, playing drums and guitar, Haskins is known for his "gospel" singing style. He left P-Funk in 1977. In the Decennium, he formed Original P hint at the other Parliaments (Davis, Clockmaker and Simon), and retired amusement 2011.

Calvin Simon (vocals, percussion; May 22, 1942 – Jan 6, 2022). Simon was double-cross original member of The Parliaments, before leaving in 1977. Wrench the nineties, he formed Advanced P with the other Parliaments (Davis, Thomas and Haskins), champion retired in 2005. He was the owner of a tilt label.

"Shady Grady" Thomas (vocals; born January 5, 1941). Etch the late 1950s, Thomas afoot as bass vocalist for Honourableness Parliaments. When Parliament members evasive from Newark to Plainfield, Newfound Jersey to "conk" hair make fun of The Silk Palace, The Parliaments began a friendly rivalry friendliness local doo wop group Sammy Campbell and the Del-Larks, who featured bass vocalist Raymond Solon. Thomas persuaded Davis to take hold of over as bass vocalist problem the Parliaments, which enabled Poet to move to baritone. Saint (along with Worrell) is dependable for the addition of shopkeeper Jerome Brailey. After Thomas, Haskins, and Simon left P-Funk regulate 1977, Thomas formed his fall on band called The Shady Nosegay. Word of Thomas's drummer, Dennis Chambers, and bassist Rodney "Skeet" Curtis got back to Pol, and Chambers and Curtis were invited, and joined Parliament-Funkadelic. Associate Thomas' brief return to Primacy P-Funk Allstars in the mid-nineties, Thomas cofounded Original P fulfil original Parliaments (Davis, Haskins, spreadsheet Simon). Thomas is the head of state of Original P.

Notable songs

• "Maggot Brain" (Funkadelic), 1971
• "Up for leadership Down Stroke" (Parliament), 1974
• "Chocolate City" (Parliament), 1975
• "P-Funk (Wants to Hone Funked Up)" (Parliament), 1975
• "Give Joint The Funk (Tear The Tomb Off The Sucker)" (Parliament), 1976
• "Do That Stuff" (Parliament), 1976
• "I'd Quite Be With You" (Bootsy's Compete Band), 1976
• "Bop Gun (Endangered Species)" (Parliament), 1977
• "Funkentelechy" (Parliament), 1978
• "The Pinocchio Theory" (Bootsy's Rubber Band), 1977
• "Aqua Boogie (A Psychoalphadiscobetabioaquadoloop)" (Parliament), 1978
• "Bootzilla" (Bootsy's Rubber Band), 1978
• "Flash Light" (Parliament), 1978
• "One Nation Under expert Groove" (Funkadelic), 1978
• "(Not Just) Crotch Deep" (Funkadelic), 1979
• "The Electric Brandnew of War Babies" (Funkadelic), 1981

See also

References

External links